An Overview of Intelligent Query Processing in SQL Server
When you issue a query to SQL Server or Azure SQL, it internally tries to optimize a query plan through calculations such as whether to use an index. Much of SQL Server’s query plans are based on its best guess of what will happen at run time when your query executes. Even when SQL Server guesses right, as your data changes (especially as the volume of data increases), optimal plans can end up performing so poorly, they can drag your whole system’s performance down.