Object-oriented (not orientated!) design is a fundamental principle of modern software engineering, a crucial concept that every developer needs to understand and employ effectively. Software design patterns like object-oriented design serve as universal solutions to common problems, across a range of instances and domains. As software engineers advance in their careers, they actually often start using these patterns instinctively, even without knowing it.

Tracing and debugging microservices is one of the biggest challenges this popular software development architecture comes with - probably the most difficult one. Due to the distributed architecture, it's not as straightforward as debugging traditional monolithic applications. Instead of using direct debugging methods, you'll need to rely on logging and monitoring tools, coding practices, specific databases, and other indirect solutions to successfully debug microservices.